Employment Relationships

The fundamental transaction between workers and employers—effort exchanged for compensation—has remained constant over time.

However, recent decades have seen the decline of unions and collective bargaining and the rise of nonstandard work arrangements such as contract and temporary employment. These new arrangements give employers greater flexibility but raise questions about the implications for workers’ wages, benefits, job stability and protection under regulation.


3rd IZA Labor Statistics Workshop: Contract Work

July 19, 2019 · Research Highlight

New research debunks popular notions about multiple jobholding

June 10, 2019 · Research Highlight
New research debunks popular notions about multiple jobholding.

All Research

Domestic Outsourcing in the United States: A Research Agenda to Assess Trends and Effects on Job Quality

February 11, 2016 · Research Highlight
The goal of this paper is to develop a comprehensive research agenda to analyze trends in domestic outsourcing in the United States—firms’ use of contractors and independent contractors—and its effects on job quality and inequality.

Mothers' Long-Term Employment Patterns

January 1, 2015 · Research

Temporary Agency Work

May 1, 2014 · Research